{"id":5477,"date":"2020-12-17T19:30:54","date_gmt":"2020-12-17T16:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/walvira.ir\/blog\/?p=5477"},"modified":"2022-02-10T13:54:59","modified_gmt":"2022-02-10T10:24:59","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87-%d9%86%d9%88%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%b4%db%8c-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/walvira.com\/blog\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87-%d9%86%d9%88%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%b4%db%8c-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u067e\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u06cc \u060c \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633(class)<\/h3>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0628\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u062d\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u0647\u00a0 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0634\u06cc(object)<\/h3>\n

\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647(\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633) \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u06cc (object) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0647\u0631 \u0634\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062a (property) \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0634\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f (method) \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc (encapsulation)<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 (abstraction)<\/h3>\n

\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648 \u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0648 ” \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648” \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0646\u06cc. \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648 \u060c \u0648 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648: \u062d\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u060c \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0686\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u060c \u0646\u0648\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u063a\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628\u06af\u0648\u0634\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0632.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u062a( inheritance )
\n\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u062a \u062f\u0631 ++C \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f (\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f) \u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc (\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f) \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u062a \u062f\u0631 ++C \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0648 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0631\u06cc\u062e\u062a\u06cc (polymorphism)<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u06cc poly \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc ((\u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 )) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 morph \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc ((\u0634\u06a9\u0644)) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0634\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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